and person as a noun. Any part of speech that functions as a noun is called a substantive. One reason the early grammarians classed nouns and adjectives together was to avoid the question of what to call an adjective that is used as a noun (as in “a word to the wise is sufficient”). Besides, all the members of the nomen class had the same structure. Each could be seen as a sequence of two elements: a stem followed by an ending. The stem carried the basic meaning of the word, while the ending told
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